我曾寫過一個帖子,先容如何將一個複雜的英文句子翻譯成中文。昨天我收到網友“CQ美眉”的郵件,她請我再寫一個帖子,先容如何將一個複雜的中文句子翻譯成英文,也就是再寫一個相反的帖子。博文翻譯公司得知這位網友還特地給我提供了一個例句,請看下面:
▲每一個人,作為社會的一個成員,有權享受其人格和尊嚴的自由發展所必須的社會、經濟、文化權利,這些權利是通過國家努力和國際合作來實現的,並且與所在國家的組織、資源、現狀相一致。
對於這種比較複雜的中文句子,在正式翻譯成英文句子之前,應當按照它的含義,將它劃分成不同的部門,以便我們確定英文句子的結構。我首先將這個中文句子劃分成6個部門,請特別留意,第4部門嵌套在第3部門中間。
▲①每一個人,②作為社會的一個成員,③有權享受 [④其人格和尊嚴的自由發展所必須的] 社會、經濟、文化權利,⑤這些權利是通過國家努力和國際合作來實現的,⑥並且與所在國家的組織、資源、現狀相一致。
這樣劃分之後,我初步決定,將第4、5、6部門翻譯成三個定語從句,用來潤飾第3部門的最後一個單詞rights,請看:
①Everyone
②as a member of society
③is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rights
④which are necessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity
⑤which are realized through national effort and international cooperation
⑥which are concordant with the organization, resources and situation of each country.
不外,在英語中,通常是一個定語從句潤飾一個名詞,很少有三個定語從句潤飾一個名詞,因此我臨時決定,將第4部門改寫成一個短語,將第5、6部門合併成一個定語句子,請看:
①Everyone
②as a member of society
③is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rights
④necessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity
⑤which are realized through national effort and international cooperation and concordant with the organization, resources and situation of each country.
最後,將這5個部門組合起來,就是這個中文句子的英文譯文。
Everyone, as a member of society, is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rights necessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity, which are realized through national effort and international cooperation and concordant with the organization, resources and situation of each country.
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